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<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Конституционное право</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">3033-7518</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3033-7518</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24412/3033-7518-2026-1-44-51</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Other</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">Конституционно-правовые основы деятельности адвоката в электронном судопроизводстве в странах ЕС (на примере Испании и Италии)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The constitutional and legal basis for the activities of a lawyer in electronic legal proceedings in EU countries (on the example of Spain and Italy)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грудцына</surname><given-names>Людмила Юрьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grudtsina</surname><given-names>Ludmila Yurievna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>ludmilagr@mail.ru</email></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Doctor of Law, Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Professional Retraining of the Moscow Institute of Professional Education named after K.D. Ushinsky, Professor of the Department of Constitutional and International Law of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «All-Russian State University of Justice (RPA Ministry of Justice of Russia)», Honorary Lawyer of Russia, expert of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">доктор юридических наук, профессор, декан факультета профессиональной переподготовки Московского института профессионального образования им. К.Д. Ушинского, профессор кафедры конституционного и международного права ФГБОУ ВО «Всероссийский государственный университет юстиции (РПА Минюста России)», Почетный адвокат России, эксперт РАН, https://ludmilagru.academia.edu/research https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7731-724X</institution></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-04-21"><day>21</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><issue>1</issue><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>51</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-04-06"><day>06</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-04-21"><day>21</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date></history><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="konstitutsionno-pravovye-osnovy-deyatelnosti-advokata-v-elektronnom-sudoproizvodstve-v-44-51.pdf" xlink:title="PDF"/><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье исследуются конституционно-правовые основы деятельности адвоката в условиях электронного судопроизводства в странах Европейского союза на примере Испании и Италии. Показывается, что цифровизация правосудия не означает отказа от классических процессуальных гарантий, а изменяет способы их реализации, переводя значительную часть действий суда и участников процесса в электронную среду. Анализируются конституционные основания права на судебную защиту, права на защиту и справедливое судебное разбирательство, а также специальные нормы, регулирующие подачу документов в цифровой форме, электронные уведомления, доступ к электронному делу, использование цифровой подписи, идентификацию участников и дистанционное участие адвоката в судебном заседании. Отдельное внимание уделяется испанской модели, основанной на развитии LexNET и реформе цифровой эффективности правосудия 2023 г., и итальянской модели, в которой ключевую роль играют Codice dell’amministrazione digitale, Processo Civile Telematico, Processo Penale Telematico и новеллы гражданского процесса 2022 г. Обосновывается вывод о том, что в цифровом процессе адвокат становится не только представителем стороны, но и гарантом законного, безопасного и технически корректного доступа доверителя к правосудию.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="summary"><p>The article examines the constitutional and legal foundations of the activities of a lawyer in electronic legal proceedings in the countries of the European Union on the example of Spain and Italy. It is shown that the digitalization of justice does not mean the rejection of classical procedural guarantees, but changes the ways of their implementation, translating a significant part of the actions of the court and participants in the process into an electronic environment. The constitutional grounds for the right to judicial protection, the right to defense and a fair trial, as well as special norms governing the filing of documents in digital form, electronic notifications, access to an electronic case, the use of a digital signature, the identification of participants and the remote participation of a lawyer in the hearing are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the Spanish model based on the development of LexNET and the reform of the digital efficiency of justice in 2023, and the Italian model, in which Codice dell’amministrazione digitale plays a key role, Processo Civile Telematico, Processo Penale Telematico and the novellas of the 2022 civil process that in the digital process, the lawyer becomes not only a representative of the party, but also the guarantor of legal, safe and technically correct access of the principal to justice.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>адвокат</kwd><kwd>электронное судопроизводство</kwd><kwd>электронное правосудие</kwd><kwd>дистанционное участие в заседании</kwd><kwd>видеоконференция</kwd><kwd>LexNET</kwd><kwd>Processo Civile Telematico</kwd><kwd>Processo Penale Telematico</kwd><kwd>Испания</kwd><kwd>Италия</kwd><kwd>право на защиту</kwd><kwd>доступ к правосудию</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>attorney</kwd><kwd>electronic legal proceedings</kwd><kwd>e-justice</kwd><kwd>remote participation in the meeting</kwd><kwd>video conference</kwd><kwd>LexNET</kwd><kwd>Processo Civile Telematico</kwd><kwd>Processo Penale Telematico</kwd><kwd>Spain</kwd><kwd>Italy</kwd><kwd>the right to protection</kwd><kwd>access to justice</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Конституция Испании от 27 декабря 1978 г. // Boletín Oficial del Estado. 1978. № 311.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref2"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Хартия Европейского союза об основных правах от 7 декабря 2000 г. // Official Journal of the European Communities. 2000. 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